Different types of implants are designed to replace tooth roots, offering a sturdy base for permanent or removable replacement teeth. They are ideal when a tooth is missing entirely or needs to be replaced due to damage or disease.
Dental implants are typically screw-like structures that a dental surgeon inserts into the jawbone to serve as anchors for artificial teeth, known as crowns. These crowns are custom-made for each patient to blend seamlessly with their surrounding teeth, ensuring a natural look and feel once the implant is placed and healed. A small metal piece called an abutment is placed on top of the implant, providing a base to connect and secure the crown to the dental implant.
Your dentist will assess whether your tooth needs to be removed before discussing dental implants. While dental implants offer many benefits for replacing one or more missing teeth, a healthy jaw is essential for the implant’s success.
These are the four types of implants
- Endosteal / Endosseous dental implants
Endosteal dental implants are the most commonly used type of implant today. Typically made from titanium, these implants are shaped like small screws and are placed directly into the jawbone. After implantation, the mouth and gums are given several weeks to heal. Once healed, the dental surgeon will expose the implant through the gum, attach the abutment, and finally place the crown.
- Subperiosteal implants
If your jaw isn’t healthy enough to support traditional types of implants, your dentist may recommend a subperiosteal implant. These implants use a metal frame, typically made of titanium, which is placed between the jawbone and the gum, beneath the periosteum. The periosteum is a thin layer of tissue that lies between the jawbone and gum and aids in bone healing when damaged.
Similar to endosteal dental implants, subperiosteal implants are initially placed and then left to heal before the posts and crowns are attached. They are ideal for patients needing to replace multiple teeth in one area of the mouth or those with jawbone issues who prefer not to undergo bone grafting. However, your dental surgeon will assess your health and needs to make the best recommendation.
- All on 4 implants
Another option for replacing multiple missing teeth is all-on-4 implants. Instead of replacing each tooth individually, all-on-4 dental implants involve inserting four posts into the jawbone to serve as anchors, to which a permanent denture is then attached.
The benefits of all-on-4 implants include reduced procedure time and often lower costs compared to multiple traditional endosteal implants. Candidates for this type of dental implant must have sufficient jawbone density since four posts are inserted into the bone.
- Mini dental implants
Mini dental implants are similar to traditional dental implants but are significantly smaller, measuring less than 3mm in diameter. They consist of a one-piece screw with a ball-shaped end that supports the replacement tooth.
With mini dental implants, dentists place them on the surface of the gum rather than beneath it, as with full-sized implants. This makes mini implants an excellent choice for individuals who need to replace a tooth but lack the bone density to support traditional implants.
Because mini dental implants are placed on top of the gum, the procedure is less invasive and typically requires only local anesthesia, resulting in faster healing. However, they may not be appropriate for every patient, particularly those with severe dental issues that might require more extensive treatment, such as traditional endosteal implants. Individuals interested in mini dental implants should consult their dentist to explore this option.
Are you a good candidate for endosteal implants?
Your dentist or oral surgeon will assess whether endosteal implants are the best option for you. In addition to having a missing tooth or teeth, you should also meet the following important criteria:
- Good overall health
- Good oral health
- Healthy gum tissue (free from periodontal disease)
- Fully grown jawbone
- Sufficient bone density in your jaw
- Difficulty or reluctance to wear dentures
You should also refrain from using tobacco products.
Additionally, be prepared to commit several weeks or months to the process, including time for healing and new bone growth in your jaw, to complete the full procedure.
The Difference Between Fixed and Removable Dental Implants
Dental implant crowns come in two types: fixed or removable. Your choice will depend on your budget, personal preference, and the recommendations of your dental surgeon.
Fixed – Fixed crowns are artificial teeth that are permanently attached to the abutment, either by screws or cement, much like traditional crowns placed on natural teeth. These crowns cannot be removed for sleeping or cleaning and serve as a permanent replacement. They are designed to be durable, but if they are accidentally damaged, your dentist can replace them with a new artificial tooth.
Removable – Removable artificial teeth for implants are similar to partial or full dentures. They consist of artificial teeth set in plastic gum and mounted on a metal frame that attaches to the implant abutment. With a removable crown, you can easily take it off for daily cleaning or repair if it becomes damaged.
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The Advantages of types of Implants
The different types of implants offer numerous benefits compared to dentures, including better chewing and eating, enhanced speech, and increased self-esteem from an improved smile. They also contribute to better oral hygiene, reducing the risk of cavities in surrounding teeth, and are known for their durability, often lasting many years with proper care.
In conclusion, understanding the various types of implants is crucial for selecting the best option for your dental needs. By exploring the different types of implants available, you can make an informed decision tailored to your specific situation. Whether you opt for endosteal or subperiosteal, each type of implant has its unique benefits and suitability based on individual requirements. Consulting with a dental professional will help you navigate these options and choose the right type of implants for a successful and lasting dental restoration. Emphasizing the importance of knowing the types of implants ensures a healthier and more confident smile.
References:
https://www.healthline.com/health/endosteal-implant#alternatives
